\u6587\u6863\u8bf4\u660e
\n\u672c\u6587\u6863\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u57fa\u4e8e Ubuntu 24.04 LTS \u90e8\u7f72 Kubernetes 1.34 \u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u91c7\u7528 1 \u53f0 Master \u8282\u70b9 + 1 \u53f0 Node \u8282\u70b9\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece k8s.io \u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\u62c9\u53d6\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u89c4\u907f\u56fd\u5185\u955c\u50cf\u6e90\u540c\u6b65\u5ef6\u8fdf\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\n### \u76ee\u5f55
\n\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907
\n\u524d\u7f6e\u57fa\u7840\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\uff09
\n\u4ee3\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\uff09
\n\u5b89\u88c5\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\uff08containerd\uff09
\n\u5b89\u88c5 kubeadm\u3001kubelet\u3001kubectl
\n\u521d\u59cb\u5316 Master \u8282\u70b9
\n\u5b89\u88c5\u7f51\u7edc\u63d2\u4ef6\uff08Flannel\uff09
\nNode \u8282\u70b9\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u7fa4
\n\u96c6\u7fa4\u9a8c\u8bc1
\n\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5<\/p>\n
1. \u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/p>\n
1.1 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u89c4\u5212<\/p>\n
| \u8282\u70b9\u89d2\u8272 | \u4e3b\u673a\u540d | IP \u5730\u5740 | \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf | \u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e
\n|—|—|—|—|
\n|Master | k8s-master | 192.168.1.100 | Ubuntu 24.04 LTS x86_64 | 2 \u6838 4G \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a
\n|Node | k8s-node | 192.168.1.101 | Ubuntu 24.04 LTS x86_64 | 2 \u6838 2G \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a
\n|\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668 | proxy-server | 192.168.1.200 | \u4efb\u610f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf | \u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u7f51\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n
1.2 \u7f51\u7edc\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n
\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u4e92\u901a\uff08Master\/Node\/ \u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09
\n\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u7f51\uff08k8s.io\u3001gcr.io\u3001github.com \u7b49\uff09
\n\u8282\u70b9\u9632\u706b\u5899\u653e\u884c K8s \u6838\u5fc3\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a6443\uff08apiserver\uff09\u30012379-2380\uff08etcd\uff09\u300110250\uff08kubelet\uff09\u300110251\/10252\uff08kube-scheduler\/kube-controller-manager\uff09\u30018472\uff08Flannel VXLAN\uff09<\/p>\n
1.3 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c<\/p>\n
Kubernetes\uff1a1.34.0
\n\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\uff1acontainerd 1.7.11\uff08Ubuntu 24.04 \u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\u517c\u5bb9\u7248\u672c\uff09
\n\u7f51\u7edc\u63d2\u4ef6\uff1aFlannel v0.25.0<\/p>\n
2. \u524d\u7f6e\u57fa\u7840\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u6267\u884c\uff09<\/p>\n
2.1 \u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001AppArmor\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u3001Swap<\/p>\n
“`bash
\n# \u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u7981\u7528 UFW \u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08Ubuntu \u9ed8\u8ba4\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff09
\nsudo systemctl stop ufw && sudo systemctl disable ufw
\n# \u5173\u95ed Swap\uff08K8s \u8981\u6c42\uff09
\nsudo swapoff -a
\n# \u6c38\u4e45\u7981\u7528 Swap\uff08\u6ce8\u91ca fstab \u4e2d\u7684 swap \u884c\uff09
\nsudo sed -i ‘\/swap\/s\/^\/#\/’ \/etc\/fstab
\n# \u9a8c\u8bc1 Swap \u5df2\u5173\u95ed
\nsudo swapon –show # \u65e0\u8f93\u51fa\u5219\u751f\u6548
\n“`<\/p>\n
2.2 \u914d\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u548c Hosts
\n“`bash
\n# Master \u8282\u70b9\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d
\nsudo hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master
\n# Node \u8282\u70b9\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d
\nsudo hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node
\n# \u914d\u7f6e Hosts\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\uff09
\nsudo tee -a \/etc\/hosts << EOF\n192.168.1.100 k8s-master\n192.168.1.101 k8s-node\n192.168.1.200 proxy-server\nEOF\n```\n2.3 \u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\uff08Ubuntu 24.04 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528 systemd-timesyncd\uff09\n```bash\n# \u786e\u4fdd\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u670d\u52a1\nsudo systemctl start systemd-timesyncd && sudo systemctl enable systemd-timesyncd\n# \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u72b6\u6001\ntimedatectl status\n```\n2.4 \u8c03\u6574\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\n```bash\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\nsudo tee \/etc\/modules-load.d\/k8s.conf << EOF\noverlay\nbr_netfilter\nEOF\n# \u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757\nsudo modprobe overlay && sudo modprobe br_netfilter\n# \u914d\u7f6e\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5f00\u542f IP \u8f6c\u53d1\u3001\u6865\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\nsudo tee \/etc\/sysctl.d\/k8s.conf << EOF\nnet.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1\nnet.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1\nnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 1\nEOF\n# \u751f\u6548\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\nsudo sysctl --system\n```\n2.5 \u914d\u7f6e IPVS\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u63d0\u5347 kube-proxy \u6027\u80fd\uff09\n```bash\n# \u5b89\u88c5 IPVS \u5de5\u5177\nsudo apt update && sudo apt install -y ipset ipvsadm\n# \u6dfb\u52a0 IPVS \u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\nsudo tee \/etc\/modules-load.d\/ipvs.conf << EOF\nip_vs\nip_vs_rr\nip_vs_wrr\nip_vs_sh\nnf_conntrack\nEOF\n# \u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757\nsudo modprobe ip_vs ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_sh nf_conntrack\n# \u9a8c\u8bc1\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\nlsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack\n```\n 3. \u4ee3\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u6267\u884c\uff09\n```bash\n# \u521b\u5efa containerd.service.d \u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\nsudo mkdir -p \/etc\/systemd\/system\/containerd.service.d\/\nsudo tee \/etc\/systemd\/system\/containerd.service.d\/http-proxy.conf << EOF\n[Service]\nEnvironment=\"HTTP_PROXY=socks5:\/\/192.168.1.200:10808\"\nEnvironment=\"HTTPS_PROXY=socks5:\/\/192.168.1.200:10808\"\nEnvironment=\"NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1\nEOF\nsystemctl daemon-reload\nsystemctl restart containerd\n```\n 4. \u5b89\u88c5\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\uff08containerd\uff09\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u6267\u884c\uff09\nUbuntu 24.04 \u63a8\u8350\u901a\u8fc7\u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\u5b89\u88c5 containerd\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u7b80\u4fbf\uff1a\n```bash\n# \u5b89\u88c5 containerd \u53ca\u4f9d\u8d56\nsudo apt install -y containerd\n# \u521b\u5efa containerd \u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\nsudo mkdir -p \/etc\/containerd\n# \u751f\u6210 containerd \u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\nsudo containerd config default | sudo tee \/etc\/containerd\/config.toml\n# \u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u542f\u7528 SystemdCgroup\u3001\u66ff\u6362 sandbox \u955c\u50cf\u3001\u5f15\u5165\u4ee3\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\n# 1. \u542f\u7528 Systemd \u63a7\u5236\u7ec4\uff08K8s \u63a8\u8350\uff09\nsudo sed -i 's\/SystemdCgroup \\= false\/SystemdCgroup \\= true\/g' \/etc\/containerd\/config.toml\n# 2. \u66ff\u6362 pause \u955c\u50cf\u4e3a1.34\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528kubeadm config images list \u67e5\u770b\nsudo sed -i 's\/registry.k8s.io\\\/pause:3.8\/k8s.gcr.io\\\/pause:3.10.1\/g' \/etc\/containerd\/config.toml\n# \u91cd\u542f containerd \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f\nsudo systemctl restart containerd && sudo systemctl enable containerd\n# \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5\ncontainerd --version\n```\n 5. \u5b89\u88c5 kubeadm\u3001kubelet\u3001kubectl\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u6267\u884c\uff09\n\n5.1 \u914d\u7f6e K8s \u5b98\u65b9 APT \u6e90\n\n```bash\n# \u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\nsudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gpg\n# \u6dfb\u52a0 K8s GPG \u5bc6\u94a5\ncurl -fsSL https:\/\/pkgs.k8s.io\/core:\/stable:\/v1.34\/deb\/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o \/etc\/apt\/trusted.gpg.d\/kubernetes-1.34.gpg\n# \u6dfb\u52a0 K8s \u6e90\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\uff09\necho \"deb [signed-by=\/etc\/apt\/trusted.gpg.d\/kubernetes-1.34.gpg] https:\/\/pkgs.k8s.io\/core:\/stable:\/v1.34\/deb\/ \/\" | sudo tee \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/kubernetes.list\n# \u66f4\u65b0 APT \u7f13\u5b58\nsudo apt update\n```\n5.2 \u5b89\u88c5\u6307\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\n```bash\n# \u5b89\u88c5 kubeadm\u3001kubelet\u3001kubectl 1.34.0\uff08\u9501\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\nsudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl\nsudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl\n```\n 6. \u521d\u59cb\u5316 Master \u8282\u70b9\uff08\u4ec5 Master \u6267\u884c\uff09\n\n6.1 \u9884\u62c9\u53d6\u955c\u50cf\uff08\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u5426\u751f\u6548\uff09\n\n```bash\nsudo kubeadm config images pull \\\n --kubernetes-version=v1.34.0 \\\n --image-repository=k8s.gcr.io\n```\n6.2 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u96c6\u7fa4\n```bash\nsudo kubeadm init \\\n --kubernetes-version=v1.34.0 \\\n --image-repository=k8s.gcr.io \\\n --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.1.100 \\\n --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0\/16 \\ # Flannel \u9002\u914d\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\n --service-cidr=10.96.0.0\/12 \\\n --ignore-preflight-errors=Swap # \u5982\u672a\u91cd\u542f\u5173\u95ed Swap\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa Node \u8282\u70b9\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u4fdd\u5b58\uff01\n# \u793a\u4f8b\uff1akubeadm join 192.168.1.100:6443 --token xxx --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:xxx\n```\n6.3 \u914d\u7f6e kubectl \u73af\u5883\uff08Master \u8282\u70b9\uff09\n```bash\n# \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09\nmkdir -p $HOME\/.kube\nsudo cp -i \/etc\/kubernetes\/admin.conf $HOME\/.kube\/config\nsudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME\/.kube\/config\n# \u6839\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\necho \"export KUBECONFIG=\/etc\/kubernetes\/admin.conf\" | sudo tee -a \/etc\/profile\nsource \/etc\/profile\n```\n7. \u5b89\u88c5\u7f51\u7edc\u63d2\u4ef6\uff08Flannel\uff09\uff08\u4ec5 Master \u6267\u884c\uff09\n```bash\n# \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5e94\u7528 Flannel \u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\uff09\nkubectl apply -f https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/flannel-io\/flannel\/v0.25.0\/Documentation\/kube-flannel.yml\n# \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7f51\u7edc\u63d2\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\uff08Running \u5219\u6b63\u5e38\uff09\nkubectl get pods -n kube-flannel\n```\n8. Node \u8282\u70b9\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u7fa4\uff08\u4ec5 Node \u6267\u884c\uff09\n\n8.1 \u6267\u884c Master \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u7684 join \u547d\u4ee4\n\n```bash\n# \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684 join \u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u4ece Master \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\uff09\nsudo kubeadm join 192.168.1.100:6443 \\\n --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \\\n --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef\n# \u5982 token \u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u5728 Master \u8282\u70b9\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\uff1a\n# sudo kubeadm token create --print-join-command\n```\n 9. \u96c6\u7fa4\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08\u4ec5 Master \u6267\u884c\uff09\n\n9.1 \u68c0\u67e5\u8282\u70b9\u72b6\u6001\n\n```bash\nkubectl get nodes\n# \u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 STATUS \u4e3a Ready\uff0cROLES \u5206\u522b\u4e3a control-plane,master \u548c node\n```\n9.2 \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\n```bash\nkubectl get pods -n kube-system\n# \u6240\u6709 Pod \u5e94\u5904\u4e8e Running \u72b6\u6001\uff08coredns\u3001kube-proxy\u3001flannel\u3001etcd\u3001apiserver \u7b49\uff09\n```\n9.3 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u7fa4\u529f\u80fd\n```bash\n# \u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5 Pod\nkubectl run nginx --image=nginx:alpine --port=80\n# \u66b4\u9732 Service\uff08NodePort \u7c7b\u578b\uff09\nkubectl expose pod nginx --type=NodePort --port=80\n# \u67e5\u770b Service \u7aef\u53e3\uff08NODE_PORT \u5217\uff09\nkubectl get svc nginx\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a Node IP \u548c\u5b9e\u9645 NodePort\uff09\ncurl http:\/\/192.168.1.101:30xxx\n```\n 10. \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\n\n10.1 \u955c\u50cf\u62c9\u53d6\u5931\u8d25\n\n\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7406\u8fde\u901a\u6027\uff1a```curl -x http:\/\/192.168.1.200:18080 https:\/\/k8s.gcr.io```\n\n\u9a8c\u8bc1 no_proxy \u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u5305\u542b\u5185\u7f51\u7f51\u6bb5\uff08192.168.1.0\/24\u300110.0.0.0\/8 \u7b49\uff09\n\n\u67e5\u770b containerd \u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a```sudo journalctl -u containerd -f```\n\n10.2 Node \u8282\u70b9\u72b6\u6001 NotReady\n\n\u68c0\u67e5 Flannel \u63d2\u4ef6\uff1a```kubectl get pods -n kube-flannel\uff08\u9700 Running\uff09```\n\n\u68c0\u67e5\u8282\u70b9\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a```ping 192.168.1.100\uff08Node \u80fd\u901a Master\uff09```\n\n\n\u67e5\u770b kubelet \u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a```sudo journalctl -u kubelet -f```\n\n10.3 APT \u5b89\u88c5 k8s \u5305\u5931\u8d25\n\n\u68c0\u67e5 GPG \u5bc6\u94a5\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff1asudo apt-key list | grep kubernetes\n\n\u786e\u8ba4\u4ee3\u7406\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee pkgs.k8s.io\uff1a```curl -x http:\/\/192.168.1.200:18080 https:\/\/pkgs.k8s.io\/core:\/stable:\/v1.34\/deb\/```\n\n10.4 Swap \u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u5173\u95ed\n\n\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u95ed\uff1asudo swapoff -a && sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=0\n\n\u91cd\u542f\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1aswapon --show\n\n\u9644\u5f55\uff1a\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\n```bash\n# \u67e5\u770b\u96c6\u7fa4\u4fe1\u606f\nkubectl cluster-info\n# \u67e5\u770b\u8282\u70b9\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\nkubectl describe node k8s-node\n# \u91cd\u542f kubelet\nsudo systemctl restart kubelet\n# \u91cd\u7f6e\u96c6\u7fa4\uff08\u5982\u9700\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\uff09\nsudo kubeadm reset -f\nsudo rm -rf \/etc\/cni\/net.d ~\/.kube\/config\n```\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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